Chapter 4: Musicians Look For Pay In An MP3 World"

The ideas expressed in Sydel's video differ from Chuck D and Lars Ulrich because Sydel focuses on revenue that artist's lose ,while Ulrich said that they lose "mere pocket change."  The Sydel video proposed the idea of artists such as Coltham giving away their music but Ulrich would never agree with that because he believes that artists should have the right to control their music and their revenue.

Both videos agree on the point that technology plays a large issue in this debate. Ulrich knows that technology cannot be stopped, no matter how badly he wants it to be, and he realizes that artists and the rest of the world are trailing behind technology.  Sydel's video states the fact that technology has not yet reached the point where it can give people full connectedness to their music, meaning be able to listen and watch anything the consumer wants on any device at any time.  Both videos agree that technology cannot be stopped and yet it is not perfect.

Chapter 4: Chuck D and Lars Ulrich

Eric Schmidt believes that intellectual property is essential to Google, and the company  would not exist without intellectual property or intellectual property rights.  Schmidt believes that a balance of interests needs to be found, and analogous models that pertain to newspaper etc need to be constructed.

Chuck D disagrees with Ulrich because Chuck D believes that recording artists make their music in order for it to be heard. It will be heard whether or not the consumer pays to hear it, and Chuck D has no problem with the fact that people download music illegally, he just wants his music to be heard by anyone that wants to hear it.

Lars Ulrich does not support illegal downloading because he believes that he, and other recording artists worked hard to produce the songs and that they should get the revenue that they deserve. Ulrich says the main issue is about control, controlling what you own, controlling what is on the Internet, and he wants people to understand what is at stake.  He wants the issue to be that of public debate so that parameters can be set for the future because the artists have the right to control and own their music.

Chapter 4: Intellectual Property (Part 1)

Name Alexandra Esmonde Class time: 12-12:50

KEEP THIS TO 1-3 – PAGES LONG (excluding reference page)

Author: Sara Baase

Date of Publication: 2008

Book: A Gift of Fire

Sections read:4.1, 4.2, 4.3.1, 4.3.2

• (Knowledge)Tell three interesting elements of this chapter: 
•  There is a difference between patent and copyright, and once copyright expires the information is in the public domain and anyone can have access to it.
•  The goal in the development of copyright laws is to devise good definitions to extend the scope of protection to new technologies (Baase 204).
•  The challenge with copyright and copyright laws is that the benefits of easily available material want to be maintained on the Internet and the creative reuse of material is to be encouraged, but while protecting copyright (Baase 206).

• (Comprehension) Summarize what is being discussed within this chapter? 

This chapter discusses the issues that copyright poses in terms of privacy and what should and should not be copyrighted. Property rights protect the physical property that each individual has and those rights include the right to sell it, to use it, and to prevent others from using it.  The chapter also discussed the rights that the U.S Copyright Law gives copyright holders, including: the ability to make copies of work, produce translations, movies based on books, distribute copies, perform work in public, and display work in public (Baase 204).  The chapter discussed the ways in which copyright is protected under laws and what happens when people violate copyright laws.

• (Application)Name a specific example or NEW solution for this type of problem/similar situation in  society or that you have experienced – be specific and explain? 

A specific example of this issue is the Napster issue. When that high vole of people downloaded music illegally from Napster and it was not shut down, even though it was the most popular downloading site many people questioned if that was the end to copyright (Baase 209).  The issue was that by illegally downloading music it was taking away from the revenue that artists would have made off the sale of their songs or albums.  However, numerous people believed that songs and albums are overpriced and illegally downloading is doing nothing to hurt anybody, since the artists are already millionaires.  However, Napster was eventually shut down and there are strict punishments for illegal downloading that involve heavy fines and sometimes even jail time.

• (Analysis)Address ANY that apply. How can you compare one of the situations in this chapter  to something that does not relate to computers, technology, or the Internet? Be sure to reference the chapter and your solution. What ideas NEW can you add to the issue that is being presented within the reading? Try to connect what you have by reading this article and how it applies to the stages in Bloom's taxonomy in 2 full sentences.  

Bloom's taxonomy applies to this case because the issue needed to be evaluated by all parties that it applied to, the issue needed to be addressed, and then laws and consequences needed to be applied.  The steps that the addressing the problem, determining a solution, and finally reaching doable solutions all followed the steps in Bloom's taxonomy.

• (Synthesis) Address all that apply. Do you agree with what is being said within the article (Why/Why not? Back up with FACTS)?  What new conclusions can you draw about this (or other topics) after reading this material? 

I agree that the issue of copyright and copyright laws is one that is hard to identify and therefor enforce.  Since the laws have not yet caught

up to technology it is hard for infringements to be prosecuted and such if there is no law that really encompasses the violations.  The law needs to catch up with technology, and fast before the Internet gets out of hand.

• (Evaluation) Address all that apply. Judge whether or not this topic is relevant in today’s society? Evaluate why you are viewing the topic in this manner based on your experiences. What ethical evaluations (see Chap1-1.4 for exp of Ethics) or decisions were made/can be assumed from this chapter?  What new ideas will you make after reading this chapter? 

This topic is relevant in today's society because we use the Internet everyday. We download and listen to music every day, and every day music, videos, and other electronic games are downloaded and bought and sold illegally.  This issue is prevalent in today's society because it happens every day in every part of the world, and numerous people have learned how to exploit the law and make a large profit off of selling illegally pirated and downloaded music and so forth.

References

A Gift of Fire By: Sara Baase

Chapter 3: Questions from Dr. RSM

  --In your own words define the  phrase ‘least restrictive means’ . Why or why not? 2-4 referenced sentences.

Least restricitive means refers to the least invasive route that can be taken.  In the discussion of the chapter filters seem to be the most least restrictive means of Internet control without invading people's right to use the Internet for their own personal use (Baase 155).

             --Why is this term important?  How does it effect Freedom of Speech. Why or why not? 2-4 referenced sentences.

This term is important because everyone has the right to practice the First Amendment right to Free Speech.  This term means that the government has the right to intervene to protect children and others that can be harmed by offensive material on the Internet, by creating laws such as The Child Online Protection Act, but the government does not, or should not, have the power to regulate every one's Internet use and prosecute adults for looking at material that may be considered inappropriate (Baase 154).

             --Do you consider the Internet an appropriate tool for young children?  Why or why not? 2-4 referenced sentences.

I do not think that young children have any reason to go on the Internet.  Their homework, to the best of my knowledge, does not involve looking things up online, or typing a paper.  I believe that the Internet is a necessary tool for school and further learning but young children should be learning by interacting with each other and playing outside, not by using the Internet.

Chapter 3: Questions from Baase p. 189

3.1 A common carrier is the use of the postal system, telephone, or telegraph, a broadcast includes television or radio, and publishers fall under the category of print media including newspapers, books, magazine, and pamphlets (Baase 145).  In respect to freedom of speech and control of content, print media has the strongest First Amendment protection, which means that it experiences the least government regulation (Baase 2008).  Broadcast structures and the content of the broadcasting programs are both regulated by the government.  Broadcasting licenses are granted by the government, and they must meet governmental standards (Baase 145).  Finally, common carriers have broader and looser regulations but the Telecommunications Act of 1996 stated that "no provider or user of an interactive computer service shall be treated as the publisher or speaker of any information provided by another information content provider" (Baase 147).
3.2 Two methods that parents can use to restrict their children's web access to inappropriate materials are filtering systems, and the ability of Internet subscribers to lock their children out of certain sites.  Some sites develop policies to protect members-such as expelling users who post inappropriate material, removing offensive material, and aiding law enforcement with child pornography investigators (BAase 158).  By having the company or provider monitor the content that is being put on the site, parents can be more assured that their child is only viewing what they are supposed to on that given website (Baase 2008).  Filtering systems give parents the ability to block certain sites completely, or banning of certain words in to a search term box.  These filters help parents have more of a control over their child's Internet viewing because they can somewhat pick and choose what their child can and cannot look at (Baase 155).
3.8 I do not believe that television could outweigh the First Amendment.  The government already has control over television, as do service providers.  Movie channels such as HBO, premium channels, and adult movie channels all have to be paid for, and most require a password when purchasing a show or a movie.  Inappropriate material, such as (child) pornography is less easy to access on the television as it is on the Internet because the majority of channels require a password to gain access. If a parent does not want their child watching television then it is their job to monitor their child's use, or to take away the television completely.  However, on the Internet it is harder to control the content and what is being put out there because there are not as many filters or controls, and inappropriate sites do not need a password or require any sort of proof of age.  This is why the Internet should be more government regulated than television.

Chapter 3: Freedom of Speech

Name Alexandra Esmonde                  Class time: 12-12:50

KEEP THIS TO 1-3 – PAGES LONG (excluding reference page)

Author: Sara Baase

Date of Publication: 2008

Book: A Gift of Fire

Sections read:3.1-3.3.4

1.     (Knowledge)Tell three interesting elements of this chapter:

a.      Vague, unclear, and broad statements prevents laws and regulations from being put in to place or enforced (Baase 153). 

b.       Judicial actions so far have given the Internet the highest level of government protection, similar to that of print media (Baase 155).

c.        Anyone can publish anything they want on the Internet and have anyone read it.  An editor or a publish does not have to approve when one speaks their mind (Baase 144).

2.     (Comprehension) Summarize what is being discussed within this chapter?

In this chapter the author discusses the difficulties that the law has with keeping up with technology.  Technology changes at a much faster rate than the law can keep up with, thus leading to numerous laws and regulations that cannot be enforced because there are no laws that stand up for the wrong that is being done online.  The Internet has made it possible for anyone to publish anything online and it can be viewable by anybody (Baase 144).  Spam filters and blocks only do so much, and the majority of information can still come through to viewers.  This means that even children can see adult material because there is no way of blocking certain viewers (Baase 2008).

3.     (Application) Name a specific example or NEW solution for this type of problem/similar situation in society or that you have experienced – be specific and explain?

I think that a new solution should be something that goes along with the ever-changing technology, something that is high tech.  I think that some form of finger print scanning or facial recognition should be used to identify who is using the computer and what sites they are going on.  For example if a child is trying to go on adult sites, there face and finger print will be scanned and they will be subsequently blocked from the sites.  This is a more foolproof way to install security systems in a computer and to monitor what is actually happening online.

4.     (Analysis)Address ANY that apply. How can you compare one of the situations in this chapter to something that does not relate to computers, technology, or the Internet? Be sure to reference the chapter and your solution. What ideas NEW can you add to the issue that is being presented within the reading? Try to connect what you have by reading this article and how it applies to the stages in Bloom's taxonomy in 2 full sentences. 

Internet fraud and misrepresenting oneself on the Internet is similar to misrepresentation that does not take place on the Internet.  For example, a pedophile will pretend to be a child’s friend and lure there under the false pretense of candy or helping them find a lost puppy.  This is comparable to people posting a picture that is them from fifteen years ago, and claiming that it was taken yesterday.  This relates to Bloom’s Taxonomy because everything that happens on the Internet needs to be evaluated-whether it is by the person who is making the site, an online database controller, or a child’s parent.  The synthesis of information from the Internet in to a child’s mind has an impact on their entire life and their actions and behavior.  Analyzing these problems takes time by experts and computer analysts who together can make the Internet a safer place for children and for those just trying to find information.

5.     (Synthesis) Address all that apply. Do you agree with what is being said within the article (Why/Why not? Back up with FACTS)?  What new conclusions can you draw about this (or other topics) after reading this material?

I do agree with what is being said in the article because it is true and relates to almost everyone’s life.  Most people do not go through their day without going on the Internet at least once, and while looking for relevant information we come across numerous different pop-ups and spam that we have no desire to see.  Anyone can publish anything on the Internet, which is proven by sites such as Wikipedia where anyone can edit what the article is saying (Baase 144).  Potential threats are not always visible online because it can never be known who is on the other side of a chat room, or an article that is being read (Baase 152).  There have been numerous laws that have been passed to help stop children’s exposure to inappropriate materials online, such as the Child Online Protection Law, 1998 (Baase 154) or the 1996 Child Pornography Prevention Act (Baase 151) but the laws include broad or vague regulations and therefore cannot always be enforced (Baase 153).  After reading this information I believe, even more so than before, that the government and lawmakers need to do more to keep up with the Internet and technology that is rapidly changing.  Without new laws that keep up with technology then there will be a lot more ways for people to harm others on the Internet and they will be able to get away with it, since there will be no laws preventing their actions.

6.     (Evaluation) Address all that apply. Judge whether or not this topic is relevant in today’s society? Evaluate why you are viewing the topic in this manner based on your experiences. What ethical evaluations (see Chap1-1.4 for exp of Ethics) or decisions were made/can be assumed from this chapter?  What new ideas will you make after reading this chapter?

The topic is relevant in today’s society because now more than ever the Internet is one of the main focuses of the majority of people’s lives.  I know that when I use the Internet pop-ups come up that are supposed to be blocked by spam filters, or inappropriate web sites will come up when I type something in to Google or Yahoo.  Since I am older I know what to do when events such as those occur, but I realize that someone who is younger might not know how to react to those instances and will therefore get him or herself in to a bad situation.  Ethically people’s rights especially to privacy can be violated on the Internet, and the fact that people have the possibility of being exposed to things online that they would not usually want to be exposed to.

References

A Gift of Fire by: Sara Baase, 2008